مقایسه سه روش کاهش وزن سریع بر برخی شاخص‌های آمادگی جسمانی و حرکتی در کشتی‌گیران مرد نخبه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC 4.0) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران

2 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 هدف: انتخاب روش مناسب برای دستیابی به وزن ایده‌آل تاثیر بسزایی در عملکرد کشتی‌گیران دارد. لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه تاثیرات سه روش کاهش وزن سریع بر برخی شاخص‌های آمادگی جسمانی و حرکتی در کشتی‌گیران مرد نخبه انجام شد.
روش شناسی: ۲۴ کشتی‌گیر مرد نخبه (سن: ۰۴/۲±۹۱/۲۱ سال؛ وزن ۱/۶±۵۵/۶۸ کیلوگرم) به صورت داوطلبانه انتخاب و در سه گروه همگن هشت نفره شامل گروه تمرین با لباس پلاستیکی، گروه سونای خشک و گروه محدودیت کامل غذایی قرار گرفتند. آزمودنی‌های هر گروه از طریق روش‌ کاهش وزن سریع، حدود سه درصد از وزن بدنشان را کاهش ‌دادند. شاخص‌های ترکیب بدنی، آمادگی جسمانی و حرکتی شامل قدرت عضلانی بالاتنه و پائین تنه، استقامت قلبی-عروقی، چابکی و انعطاف‌پذیری قبل و دو ساعت بعد از کاهش وزن ارزیابی شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آزمون‌های t زوجی و تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه استفاده شد (۰۵/۰>P).
یافته‌ها: نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد هر سه روش کاهش وزن سریع موجب کاهش قابل توجه قدرت عضلانی بالاتنه و استقامت قلبی-عروقی کشتی‌گیران شد. در این راستا، میزان افت قدرت عضلانی بالاتنه و استقامت قلبی-عروقی کشتی‌گیران هنگام استفاده از روش محدودیت کامل غذایی به طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از دو روش دیگر کاهش وزن سریع بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: در کل، به نظر می‌رسد که کشتی‌گیران در صورت ضرورت برای کاهش وزن سریع از روش محدودیت کامل غذایی اجتناب کرده و از سایر روش‌ها به ویژه تمرین با لباس پلاستیکی استفاده نمایند.

تازه های تحقیق

 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Three Rapid Weight Loss Methods on Physical Fitness and Movement Indicators in Elite Male Wrestlers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Pourrazi 1
  • Mohammad Siavoshi 2
1 Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
2 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aims: Choosing the appropriate method to achieve the ideal weight has a significant impact on the performance of wrestlers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of three rapid weight loss methods on some indices of physical and motor fitness in elite male wrestlers.
Methods: Twenty-four elite male wrestlers (age: 21.91±2.04 years; weight: 68.55±6.1 kg) were voluntarily selected and divided into three homogeneous groups (n=8), including training with plastic suits, dry sauna and complete diet restriction. Subjects in each group lost about 3 percent of their body weight through rapid weight loss. Body composition, indices of physical and motor fitness, including upper and lower body muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance, agility and flexibility were assessed before and two hours after weight loss. Paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the data (P<0.05).

Results: The results of the present study showed that all three methods of rapid weight loss significantly reduced upper body muscle strength (respectively for plastic suits, sauna and diet restriction: P=0.02; P=0.04; P=0.0001), lower body muscle strength (P=0.007; P=0.009; P=0.002) and cardiovascular endurance (P=0.03; P=0.01; P=0.001) in wrestlers. In this regard, the rate of loss of upper body muscle strength (P=0.027) and cardiovascular endurance (P=0.041) in wrestlers when using the complete diet restriction method was significantly higher than the other two methods of rapid weight loss.

Conclusion: In general, it seems that wrestlers should avoid the complete dietary restriction method if necessary to rapid lose weight and use other methods, especially training with plastic suits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rapid weight loss
  • Physical fitness
  • Motor fitness
  • Elite wrestler

 

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